Hydraulic motor.



No. 66,|3l. y Patented Oct. 23, |900.

W. C. TRUSSELL & H. F. SAWTELLE.

HYDRAULIC MUTOR.

(Applied-ion led Fab. 8, 1900.)

(No lionel.) s sheets-sheet l.

Ein?

i {Illmlis Y mfmjlllllillll 5? 13 l lll-17 m M'inesses: Inventors: Mgigli-cm2 by MAZ L No. 660,|3|. Patented Oct. 23, I9D0.

y W. C. TRUSSELL & H. F. SAWTELLE.

HYURKULIG MOTOR.

(Appuutm ma nu e, 1900.)

(no'inodel.) a sheets-sheet 2.

Wilbert C. Trusse.

No. 660,|-3I. Patented Oct. 23, |900. W. C. TRUSSELL &. H. F. SAWTELLE.HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

(Application und Feb. B, 1900.) (No Modal.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

12ga. 7 l l s @EN UNHED STrrns PATENT OFFICE.

WILBERT O. TRUSSELL, OF BOSTON, AND HENRY FTSAWTELLE, OF LEOMINSTER,MASSACHUSETTS.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Iiatent No. 660,131, dated0ctobe1-23, 1900. Application i'lled. February 8, 1900. serial No.43498. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we,WILBERT O.TRUssELL, of Boston, in the county ofSuifolk,and HENRY F. SAWTELLE, of Leominster, in the county ofWorcester, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain4 new and usefulImprove-A ments in Hydraulic Motors, of which the fol-4 lowing, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

This invention relates to hydraulic motors, and has for its object theobtaining of a rotary motion from the rectilinear movements of ahydraulic jack; and it consists in certain novel features ofconstruction, arrangement,

and combination of parts, which will be read' ily understood byreference to the description of the accompanying drawings and to theclaims hereto appended, and in which this invention is clearly pointedout.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a plan of a motor illustrating theinvention. I Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on line A A on Fig. 4.Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 4 is a sectionalelevation, the cutting-plane being on line B B ou Fig. 3 looking towardthe left of said ligure. Fig. 5 is a partial sectional elevation on lineC G on Figs. 1 and 2 looking toward the right of said figures, drawn toan enlarged scale, and illustrating the valve-re-y versing mechanism.Fig. 6 is an elevation of the clutch end of one of the shaft-inclosing`sleeves with the grip-rolls in position on the shal't to be driven,which is shown in transverse section. Fig. 7-is an elevation of theopposite end of said sleeve with the shaft removed. Fig. S is alongitudinal section of said sleeve with the shaft and grip-rollsremoved. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of the valve-casing and asmall vportion of the plug-valve, the cutting-plane being on line l) Don Fig. 5. Fig. 10 is a section of the same parts on line E E on Fig. 5.Fig. 11 is a transverse section through valve and valveeasing on thecrooked line F F on Fig. l0, and Fig. l2 is a similar section on line GGr on Fig. U.

ln the drawings, 1 is the shaft to which it is desirable to impart arotary motion about its axis, said shaft being mounted in bearings inthe stands 2 and 3, as shown. Said shaft has mounted thereon so as to berevoluble therewith or independently thereof the two sleeves 4 and 5,each having formed in its en'd contiguous to the shaft-supporting standa chamber in the inner surface of the Wall of which is formed aneccentric surface 6, joining a radial surface '7, whereby a curvedwedge-like pocket 8 is formed, in which is placed a hardened-steel roll9, resting upon the shaft 1, said roll being of such a diameter thatwhen resting against the radial surface 7 it will have no grip upon theshaft; but as soon as the sleeve is moved in the direction indicated bythe arrow on Fig. 6 said roll is wedged between said shaft and thesurface 6 and the shaft is compelled to move with the sleeve.

The sleeves 4 and 5 are made rights and lefts, or so that whether thepower is applied to one or the other of said sleeves the shaft willrevolve in the same direction.

Any desired number of pockets formed by the surfaces 6 and 7 in theclutch-head of the sleeves 4 and 5 and of the rolls 9 may be employed ineach sleeve, though the drawings show four pockets in each clutch-head.Each sleeve has secured thereon near the middle of its length a collar10, so as to be revoluble therewith. Two stands 11 and 12, each providedwith a bearing for one of said sleeves and a recess to receive thecollar 10, are arranged as shown, and each has formed in one piecetherewith a plurality of cylinders 13, arranged radially to the axis ofshaft 1, having their outer ends open and each communicating at itsinner end with the segmental chamber 14, whichextends aboutthree-fourths (more or less) around said shaft1 at the same Y'distancetherefrom as the inner ends of the bores of said cylinders, as shown. inFigs. 2

to its inner end a suitable cup-packing 19, as

shown.

A chain 20 is firmly secured by one end to the sleeve 4 at 2l within thechamber 15,

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position shownin the drawings thepassages passes out of said chamber through the opening 16, under the pulley 22, over the pulley 23, partiallyaround each of the sheaves 18 in the outer ends of the pistons mountedin the several cylinders formed in the stand or frame 11, overthepulleys 24 and 22, through the1 passage 16 into the chamber 15, andhas its otherend secured to the collarllO on the'slee've! 4, the boltsfor securing the two ends of said chain to said sleeve having their axesparallel to the aXis of said sleeve and its shaft andI may be in thesame or different axial lines, but at equal distances from the axis ofthe. shaft. A similar chain 25 is'mounted in eX-` actly the same mannerupon the sheaves 18,! carried by the pistons mounted in the cylin-4 dersformed on the stand or frame 12, and has its two ends secured to thesleeve5 inthe same manner as the chain20 is securedto the sleeve 4.

Thepulleys 22, 23, and 24-are mounted on` and revolve freely about thestud-bolts 26, 27,and 28, as shown in Figs. 1, 2,-and 4.

The inner end of the sleeve 4 has rmlysecured thereon the bevelgear-wheel 29, which engages the bevel-pinion 30, mounted uponia fixedstud 31, set in the stand 32, which pinion in turn engages the bevelgear-wheel 33, firmly secured upon the inner fend of the sleeve 5, asshown in Figs. -1 and2, by which arrangement of connecting-gearing the`sleeves 4 and 5 always revolve in opposite directions, whereby when onechain is being unwound from its sleeve, which is always at such timescoupled to the shaft 1,the other chainfis being wound upon its sleeve,which lis at that time uncoupled from said shaft and is being rotated inthe oppositedirection to 4thatof said shaft.

A plate 34, nearly triangular in shape, is bolted `to the outer surfacesofthe two upper cylinders of each frame 11 and V12 or oppositethestay-ribs 35, in which plates and `ribs are set in iixed positionsthe stud-bolts 26, 27, and 28, as shown.

A pipe 36 leads from theright-handchamber 14 to the chamber 37, securedto the lupper side ofthe valve-casing 38,:and a similar pipe 39 leadsfrom the left-handchamber 14 to the chamber 40, formed in the samecasting with the chamber 37, which is secured `to the upper flat surfaceof said casing 38. (See Fig. 9.)

The valve-casing 38 has fourpairs of transverse openings or ports 41,42, 43, and 44-extending therethrough and has tted therein a plug-valve45, having four transverse perforations46, 47, 48, and 49 extendingthrough thesame so arrangedrelative to the openings in said casing thatwhen said valve is in the 47 and 49 through said valve shall coincide`with thepassages 42 and 44, respectively, and when said valve is movedabout itsaXis in the direction indicated by the arrow 77fon Fig. 5 tothe limit of its movement in that direction the passages 46 and 48through said respectively, through said casing.

valve will coincide with theports 41and 43,

The passages 42 and 43 in said casing are covered at their upper endsbya casting containing the chambers 37 and 40 and at their lower endsbythe casting 50, having the chamber 51,with

`which one end of apipe 52 communicates, as

shownlinlli'gs. 9 and 12. Said pipe 52 extends from said chamber 5l toand communicates witha chamber in the base of the double-actingforce-pump 53, in which the pistons 54 the space between the twocylinders forms a tank or reservoir fromwhich the liquid used in`thercyliuders V13is drawn and towhich it is-returnedafter having forcedthetpistons 17 outward.

Any double-acting force-pump,eitherhand `or power, may`beused,\according to the parfticular `purpose for which the=motor is tobe used,

A discharge-pipe 57 leads `from the-chamber 14 inthe stand or `frame `l1to and communicates with theinterior of a chamber 58 in the casting 59,secured to the rear side of the valve-casing 38fand coveringthe port 44,

through which and thepassage 49 communication ishad -with the chamber60, formed in `the casting 61,=secured to the front side of ksaidvalve-casing, from which `the pipe 62 `leadsto andcomm unicates with thereservoir 63 in the pump-casing. (Indicatedbydotted lines 'in Fig. 4.)yAdischarge-pipe 64 leads frornthe chamber A14 inthestand or frameil2wtolandi communicates with the interior ofthe chamber 65 in said`casting 59, from which chamber comm unication is had with the chamber60 through therpassages 41 and 46.

The gear-wheel 33 has secured thereto the disk 66, having formed uponitsperiphery a singletooth 67, constructed and arranged to Vact uponiatooth 68,carried by the rod 69,

supported-and guided by a suitable bearing beneath said tooth 68andpivoted at its opiposite end to the lower end of the lever 70, .pivotedat 71to a fixed part of the machine `and-engaging at its upper end thecrank-pin 72 or a truck mounted thereon, set in the end of theplug-valve 45, as shown in Fig. 5.

Thepump 53iis provided with an air-chamber `73, constructedland-arrangedto operate in the usual well-known manner.

yA tie-girth74 connects the two frames 1l and 12 and supportsthevalve-casing 38, which is .provided withithe down wardlyrp roj ecting legs `75 a11d76, which are rmly bolted to said tie- ,girth 74, 'asshown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4.

The operation of this invention is as follows: The several parts of themachine being `iur-the positions shown in the drawings-that `is,\viththesetof pistons carried bythe frame ll moved outward and those carried bythe frame `12n1oved inward and the chain carried thereby wound upon thesleeve 5-if `the res- IOO IIO

ervoir from which the pump is to draw its supply of suitable liquid isproperly charged and power be applied to the pump the liquid will beforced through the pipe 52, chamber 51, passages 42 and 47, chamber 40,pipe 39, and the chamber 14 to the cylinders 13, carried b v the frame12, and will force the pistons 17 contained in said cylinders outward,thereby unwinding the chain 25 from the sleeve 5 and rotating saidsleeve inthe direction indicated by the arrow on Fig. 4, and the bevelgear-wheel 33 being firmly secured to said sleeve 5 and revolvingtherewith and acting through the bevel-pinion upon the gear 29 causessaid gear 29 and the sleeve 4 upon which it is secured to revolve in theopposite direction to that indicated by said arrow, and thus wind thechain 2O upon the sleeve 4, thereby moving the pistons carried by theframe l1 inward to the inner ends of their cylinders and forcing theliquid contained therein through lthe pipe 57, passages 44 and 49, andpipe 62 into the reservoir 63. The disk 66 revolves with the sleeve 5 inthe direction indicated by the arrow 78 on Fig. 5 until it and saidsleeve have made one complete revolution and the tooth 67 has come incontact with the tooth 68 on the bar 69 and moved it and the lever intothe positions indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5, thereby rotating theplug-valve so as to close the passages or ports 42 and 44 and bring thepassages 46 and 48 through said plug into axial line with the passagesor ports 41 and 43,when the liquid will be forced by the pump throughthe pipe 52, chamber 5l, passages 43 and 48, chamber 37, and pipe 3binto the chamber 14 in the frame 11 and into the cylinders 13, carriedby said frame, and forcing the pistons therein outward, and unwindingthe chain 20 from the sleeve 4 causes said sleeve to be ro! tated in thedirection indicated by the arrow on Fig. 4, carrying with it the shaftl, to which it is secured While moving in that .direction by the actionof the inclined surfaces 6 upon the grip-rolls 9. At the same timethrough the action of the gears 29, 30, and 33 the sleeve 5 is revolvedupon said shaft in the opposite direction, thereby winding the chain 25upon said sleeve and forcing the pistons acted upon by said chaininward, thereby forcing the liquid contained in said cylinders throughthe pipe G4, passages 4l and 46, chambers 65 and 60, and pipe 62 to theinterior of the reservoir 63 to be used over again, during which ybackward rotation of the sleeve 5 the disk 66 makes a completerevolution in the reverse direction to that indicated by the arrow 7S onFig. 5 and nieves the rod 69 and the lever 70 into the positions shownin full lines in Fig. 5, thereby again reversing the direction of theliow of liquid from the pump and also. the iiow of the liquid from thechain-operating cylinders to the reservoir in the pumpcasing. Theseoperations may be contin-1 ued indenitely, thetwo sleeves alternatelymaking one revolution forward and then one backward, thereby causing acontinuous revolution of the shaft 1 always in the same direction solong as the pump is operated.

A greater or less number of cylinders 13 may be used in connection witheach sleeve 4 or 5, if desired, without departing from the principles ofthe invention.

We claim--I 1. The combination of a shaft to be revolved; a sleevemounted upon and revoluble about said shaft; a clutch mechanismconstructed and arranged to automatically couple said sleeve to saidshaft when moving in one direction, and to uncouple the same when movingin the opposite direction; a hydraulicjack mechanism arranged in a Iixedposition radial to said shaft; a sheave carried by the outer end of thepiston of said jack mechanism; a plurality of guide-pulleys arrangedoutside of said sleeve; a fiexible connection extending about andbearing upon said sheave and pulleys and rmly connected to and Woundabout said sleeve; and means for forcing liquid into the cylinder ofsaid jack mechanism to force said piston outward and thereby unwind saidFlexible connection from said sleeve and rotate said sleeve and shaft.

2. In a hydraulic motor, the combination with the shaft to be revolved,of a sleeve mounted upon and revoluble about said shaft; a clutchmechanism constructed and arranged to automatically couple said sleeveto said shaft when moving in one direction, and to uncouple the sainewhen moving in the opposite direction; a plurality of hydrauliccylinders arranged in fixed positions radial to the axis of said shaft,with open outer ends; a piston tted to and movable endwise in each ofsaid cylinders; a sheave mounted upon a suitable journal-pin carried byeach of said pistons; a plurality of guidepulleys; a flexible connectionextending about and bearing upon said several sheaves and guide-pulleysand firmly connected to said sleeve and adapted to be wound upon andunwoun'd from said sleeve; .a curved chamber connecting the inner endsof said cylinders; and means for forcing a liquid into said curvedchamber, and thence to said cylinders to move said pistons outward andthus unwindv said flexible connection from said sleeve and rotate saidsleeve and shaft.

3. The combination with a shaft to be rotated,of a sleeve mounted uponand revoluble about said shaft, a clutch mechanism constructed andarranged to automatically couple said sleeve to said shaft when movingin one direction, and to uncouple the same when moving in the oppositedirection; a xed frame provided with an opening for said sleeve, achamber surrounding said sleeve with an outlet at one side, a pluralityof cylinders arranged radially to theaxis of said shaft with open outerends,'and a segmental chamber connecting the interiors of all of saidcylinders at their inner ends; a

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piston fitted to and movable endwise in each of said cylinders; a sheavemounted in the outerend of each of said pistons; a plurality ofguide-pulleys between two of said cylinders; a flexible connection, as achain, extending about and bearing upon said sheaves and guide-pulleysand firmly connected to, and adapted to be wound upon said sleeve; adouble-acting forcepump for forcing a liquid into said cylinders to movesaid pistons outward; a pipe connecting said pump with said segmentalchamber; a dischargepipe leading from said segmental chamber; andsuitable valves for controlling the inlet and discharge of said liquid.

4. The combination of a shaft to be revolved; a pair of sleeves mountedend to end upon said shaft and revoluble thereon; a clutch mechanismcarried by each of said sleeves and constructed and arranged toautomatically couple its sleeve to said shaft to move it in one and thesame direction, and uncouple the same when moving in the oppositedirection; a train of gearing connecting said two sleeves, so that whenone revolvesin one direction the other will revolve in the oppositedirection; a pluralityT of cylinders arranged around each of saidsleeves in fixed positions and radial to the axis of said shaft andhaving open outer ends; a piston mounted in each of said cylinders andmovable endwise therein; a sheave carried by the outer end of eachpiston; a plurality of guide-pnl leys arranged between two of each setof said cylinders; a ilexible connection, as a chain 'firmly secured toone of said sleeves and extending about and bearing upon the sheaves andpulleys surrounding said sleeve; a similar flexible connection rmlysecured to the other of said sleeves and extending about and bearingupon the sheaves and pulleys surroundingits sleeve; segmental chambersconnecting the inner end of each set of cylinders; a double-actingforce-pump provided With a supplyreservoir; supply-pipes connecting thedischarge of said pump with each of said segmental chambers suitabledischarge-pipes connectingeach of said segmental chambers with saidreservoir; suitable valves for controlling the inlet and discharge ofsaid liquid; and'means for automatically operating said valves to changethe flow of said liquid from a direction to and from one set ofcylinders to a direction toward and from the other set of cylinders.

5. In combination with a shaft to be revolved continuously in the samedirection, a pair of sleeves mounted thereon end to end and gearedtogether to revolve in opposite directions, clutch mechanismsconstructed and arranged to automatically couple said sleeves to saidshaft when moving in one direction, and to uncouple the same when movingin the opposite direction; two sets of hydraulic cylinders arranged oneset around and radial to the axis of each of said sleeves, pistonsfitted to and movable endwise in said cylinders,

a flexible connection, as a chain, firmly attached to each of saidsleeves and each arranged to be acted upon by one set of pistons torotate its sleeve in one direction, a double-acting force-pump, asupply-reservoir, pipes and passages connecting the discharge of saidpump with the inner ends of each set of cylinders, and pipes andpassages counecting the inner ends of each set of cyl inders with saidreservoir, of a valve-casing set in a Xed position between said pump andtwo sets of cylinders and connected to said supply and discharge pipes,and having formed therein two ports upon each of its four sides, the twoports upon one of its sides being in axial line with the ports upon itsopposite side; a plug-valve fitted to the bore of said casing andmovable about its axis therein and having four transverse pas* sagesformed therethrough at right angles to its axis and at different anglesto each other, and so arranged that when said plug is at one extreme ofits movement about its axis two of said. passages thatare at rightangles to each other will register with two pairs of ports in saidcasing while the other two pairs of ports are closed, and when said plugis moved about its axis to the other extreme of its movement, the twopairs of ports previ ously closed will be opened, and those beforeopened will be closed, whereby the liquid discharged from the pump isalternately forced into the two sets of cylinders and discharged fromthe opposite set of cylinders; and means for automatically moving saidplug-valve about its axis when either sleeve has moveda sufficientdistance about its axis ina forward direction.

6. Iucombination with a shaft to be revolved, a pair of sleeves mountedend to end "on said shaft; a clutch mechanism carried by each of saidsleeves and'adapted to automatically couple its sleeve to said shaftwhen moved in one direction and to uncouple the same when moved in theopposite; gearing connecting said sleeves together to cause them torevolve in opposite directions the two frames 1l and 12 provided withthe chambers 14 and 15 and opening 16; a plurality of cylinders 13carried by each of said frames and communicating at their inner endswith the segmental chamber 14; a plurality of pistons 17 in thecylinders on each frame; a sheave 18 carried by each piston; the pulleys22, 23, and 24 mounted on each of the frames 11 and 12; the chain 2Omounted upon the sheaves 18 and pulleys 22, 23, and 24 carried by theframe 11, and firmly attached at its ends to the sleeve 4; the chain 25similarly mounted on the sheaves and pulleys on the frame 12; thevalve-casing 38 `mounted in a fixed position and provided with the ports41, 42, 43, and 44; the plug-valve 45 provided with the transversepassages 46, 47, 48, and 49; the `pin 72 set in said valve 45; the diskG6 provided With the tooth G7; and mounted upon and revoluble with oneof said sleeves; the

lever 70 engaging at one end the pin 72 and pivoted at its other end toone end of the rod 69, provided with the tooth 68 at its other end andmounted on a suitable guide-bearing beneath the axis of said disk 66;chambered castings 50 and 6l secured to the bottom and front sidesrespectively of said valve-casing; the pump 53 provided with areservoir; the pipe 52 connecting said pump to the chambered casting 50;the pipe 62 connecting said reservoir to the chambered casting 61; thepipes 36 and 39 leading respectively from the right and left handchambers 14 to the upper ports 43 and 42 respectively; and the pipes 57and 64 leading respectively from the chamber 14 in the right and lefthand frames 11 and 12 to the ports 44 and 41respectively in the rearface of said casing 38.

7. In combination with a shaft to be revolved, a pair of hydraulic-jackmechanisms arranged at different distances from the end of said shaft,and connecting devices between said mechanisms and said shaft, allconstructed, arranged and operating to intermittently and alternately'act upon said shaft to move it about its axis a given distance in thesame direction; a double-acting force-pump; pipes leading from said pumpto both of said hydraulic-jack mechanisms; a reservoir from which saidpump draws its supply of liquid; return-pipes leading from each of saidjack mechanisms to said reservoir; a single valve in communication witheach of said pipes and constructed and arranged to be moved into twodifferent positions, and when in one pomechanism to liow into saidreservoir, and

when moved into its other position, to cause the liquid to be forced bysaid pump in the right jack mechanism and the liquid discharged from theleft jack mechanism to flow into said reservoir; and means forautomatically changing the position of said valve at predeterminedintervals.

8. In a hydraulic mechanism, the combination with two jack mechanisms;aforce-pump; a reservoir; pipes connecting said pump and said reservoirto each of said jack mechanisms; the valve-casing 38 provided with thefour pairs of ports A41, 42, 43 and 44, and the chambers 51, 37, 40, 53,65, and 60, communicating with said pipes; and the single plugvalve 45provided with the transverse passages 46, 47, 48, and 49, each arrangedto register with one pair of said ports when said valve is in one or theother of its two positions; and means for automatically changing theposition of said valve.

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification, inthe presence of WILBERT C. TRUSSELL. HENRY F. SAWTELLE.

Vitnesses :x

N. O. LOMBARD, JAMES A. WooDBURY.

